Incoterms came about through the formation of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in the aftermath of World War One.

Logistics transport is broken down into one of four modes, namely road, air, ocean and rail freight.

The procedure for import and export activities involves ensuring licensing and compliance before the shipping of goods, arranging for transport and warehousing after the unloading of goods, and getting customs clearance as well as paying taxes before the release of goods.

All cargo that comes into South Africa is cleared by Customs and Excise which is a division of the South African Revenue Service (SARS)

As the name suggests a cross trade is a shipment that moves between point A and point B, without the cargo entering the prmises or country of the seller.